VXLAN

VNID (Vxlan Network Identifier) - 24 bit segment ID that defines the broadcast domain. Interchangeable with "VXLAN Segment ID".

VTEP (VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint) - This is the device that does the encapsulation and de-encapsulation.

NVE (Network Virtualization Edge) - Logical interface where the encapsulation and de-encapsulation occur.

VXLAN solves three main problems:

  • 16M VNIs (broadcast domains) versus the 4K offered by traditional VLANs.

  • Allows L2 to be extended anywhere in an IP network.

  • Optimized flooding.

BUM - broadcast, unknown Layer-2 unicast, multicast

Two modes of VXLAN:

  • Flood-and-learn VXLAN (without control plane)

    • static(Unicast VXLAN)

    • Multicast VXLAN

  • VXLAN EVPN (with control plane)

  • VXLAN с использованием контроллера

VXLAN/EVPN:

  • Standards based Overlay (VXLAN) with Standards based Control-Plane (BGP)

  • Layer-2 MAC and Layer-3 IP information distribution by Control-Plane (BGP)

  • Forwarding decision based on Control-Plane (minimizes flooding)

  • Integrated Routing/Bridging (IRB) for Optimized Forwarding in the Overlay

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